Funding
EMP is funded through the Horizon2020 programme of the European Commission.
Selected Publications

Probing superfluid He4 with high-frequency nanomechanical resonators down to millikelvin temperatures

A. M. Guénault, A. Guthrie, R. P. Haley, S. Kafanov, Yu. A. Pashkin, G. R. Pickett, M. Poole, R. Schanen, V. Tsepelin, D. E. Zmeev, E. Collin, O. Maillet, R. Gazizulin

Superfluids, such as superfluid 3He and 4He, exhibit a broad range of quantum phenomena and excitations which are unique to these systems. Nanoscale mechanical resonators are sensitive and versatile force detectors with the ability to operate over many orders of magnitude in damping. Using nanomechanical-doubly clamped beams of extremely high quality factors (Q>106), we probe superfluid 4He from the superfluid transition temperature down to millikelvin temperatures at frequencies up to 11.6 MHz. Our studies show that nanobeam damping is dominated by hydrodynamic viscosity of the normal component of 4He above 1 K. In the temperature range of 0.3–0.8 K, the ballistic quasiparticles (phonons and rotons) determine the beams' behavior. At lower temperatures, damping saturates and is determined either by magnetomotive losses or by acoustic emission into helium. It is remarkable that all these distinct regimes can be extracted with just a single device, despite damping changing over six orders of magnitude.


Phys. Rev. B 100, 020506 (2019)

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.100.020506

arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00970

supplemental material: https://doi.org/10.17635/lancaster/researchdata/304